The chapter introduces students to economics as a discipline dealing with efficient use of resources namely Land, Labour, Capital and Enterprise. Through examples and stories the chapter builds on types of economic activities with special focus on activities in a hypothetical village of Palampur. About the Hypothetical Village Palampur Palampur is well-connected with neighbouring villages and towns. Raiganj, a big village, is 3 kms from Palampur. An all-weather road connects the village to...
6 min read →The chapter notes demonstrate how population can be an asset rather than a liability for the economy. Human capital refers to the stock of ability and productive knowledge possessed by individuals. We will learn how to achieve demographic dividend by providing quality education, training and healthcare to India's youth. What is the importance of population? The term ‘People as Resources’ provides us with a view that population is an asset for the economy rather than a liability. 'People as...
7 min read →The chapter highlights the challenges of poverty through case studies and the perspective through which poverty is viewed in the social sciences. Additionally, we will examine poverty patterns in India and the rest of the world and attempt to comprehend the concept of the poverty line. Additionally, we will study about the causes of poverty and the government's anti-poverty policies. The chapter concludes by expanding the official definition of poverty to include human poverty. What is...
7 min read →The chapter emphasises the critical nature of food security and the situation of those who are food insecure. Additionally, we learn about government initiatives aimed at addressing issues such as food insecurity. Students in Class 9 will gain an understanding of how our country addresses food insecurity by reading this chapter. What is Food Security? Food security means availability, accessibility and affordability of food to all people at all times. The poor people are more vulnerable to...
7 min read →