Sociology | Class 11 | Sociology and Society
What is Sociology? Sociology is the study of human society as a whole. It also performs certain tasks in its field as a discipline: One of sociology's tasks is to discover the link between a personal problem and a public issue. Second, it examines how the modern individual belongs to more than one society. And how unequal societies are. Third, it brings a systematic study of society, as opposed to philosophical and religious reflections, as well as our everyday common sense observation of...
9 min read →Sociology | Class 11 | Understanding Social Institutions
Introduction We each have a status and a role, but we don't get to choose them. They are not roles that an actor might play. Social institutions limit, punish, and reward people. It might be the government or the family. This chapter discusses social institutions and how sociology and anthropology study them. It also gives a fast review of basic social institutions such as family, marriage, kinship, politics, economy, religion, and education. Institutions An institution, in the broadest...
12 min read →Sociology | Class 11| Culture and socialization
Sociologists and anthropologists are interested in the social conditions in which culture exists. They dissect culture in order to comprehend the relationships between its diverse parts. Humans are distinguished from other animals by their ability to form a shared understanding with others and to derive the same meanings from signs and symbols. Primary socialisation occurs in the home, whereas secondary socialisation occurs at school and other institutions. Diverse settings, different...
6 min read →Sociology | Class 11 | Research Methods in sociology
Introduction Sociology covers known issues more than any other field. We all live in society, therefore we're familiar with social groupings, organisations, norms, relationships, etc. Sociology helps us comprehend issues that affect us as individuals and as members of larger organisations. Sociology studies people's lives. Sociologists want to know not only what a bystander observes, but also the participants' beliefs and attitudes while studying friendship, religion, or market trading....
4 min read →Sociology | Class 11 | Indian Sociologists
Introduction Because Indian society and social structure were so dissimilar from those of western European societies, Indian sociology developed as a distinct field of study. The University of Bombay was the first to publicly offer Indian sociology as a discipline at the collegiate level in 1919. Two additional universities, those in Lucknow and Calcutta, started teaching and doing anthropology and sociology research in the 1920s. Nowadays, every large institution has a department of...
9 min read →Sociology | Class 11 | Terms, Concepts and their Use in Sociology
Introduction This chapter delves more into the types of groups that people form, the types of unequal orders that people make, the stratification systems that people and groups are placed in, the way social control works, the roles that people have and play, and the status they hold. In contrast to commonsense knowledge, sociology, like any other science, has its own set of concepts, theories, and data collection methodologies. Why does sociology need its own set of vocabulary when we use...
8 min read →Sociology | Class 11 | Introducing Western Sociologists
Introduction Sociology is occasionally referred to as the offspring of the "era of revolution." The Enlightenment, sometimes known as the scientific revolution, the French Revolution, and the Industrial Revolution all contributed to the development of sociology. It was thought necessary to remove nature, religion, and the divine acts of gods from their prominent positions in older paradigms of comprehending the world due to the emergence of fundamentally new ways of thinking about it. Three...
13 min read →Sociology | Class 11 | Environment and Society
Introduction Social interactions with the environment have evolved over time and differ depending on the location. Every society has an ecological foundation. When we use the word ecology, we are referring to a network of physical, biological, and human systems and activities. Ecological components include rivers, mountains, oceans, plains, and animals. The relationship between a place's geography and hydrology has an impact on its ecological as well. Human activity has changed the ecology....
6 min read →Sociology | Class 11 | Social Change & Social Order in Rural & Urban Society
Social change Any society's greatest enduring characteristic is change. Social change is characterised as a shift in people's ways of thinking and acting. Physical, social, demographic, cultural, and technical variables all contribute to social change. These are the changes that, through time, cause disparities between various social structures and, in turn, alter the structure of human institutions, relationships, patterns, processes, and systems, etc. Internal Changes: When a period's...
9 min read →Sociology | Class 11 | Social Structure, Stratification & Social Processes
Introduction Each person has a unique place in the social structure and system of social stratification (see pages 28-35 in Introducing Sociology). This suggests that their access to social resources varies in terms of both type and degree. To put it another way, the socioeconomic class to which a person belongs will determine the options available to them in terms of the school they attend or if they attend school at all. Understanding the dialectical relationship between the individual and...
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